Congress is rushing through critical pieces of legislation, opening the door for unrelated and harmful amendments to be attached. This is exactly what happened yesterday when the House passed the Suspending Energy Imports from Russia Act (H.R. 6968). It's a bipartisan bill to prohibit importing energy from Russia in the wake of Vladimir Putin's brutal and unprovoked invasion of Ukraine. However, House Democrats seized the opportunity to tack on a controversial amendment to a bill they knew would pass.
The unnecessary language in H.R. 6968 would modify the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act enacted in 2016. This law enables the U.S. government to place financial sanctions on foreign individuals responsible for "extrajudicial killings, torture, or other gross violations of internationally recognized human rights." This is an important law, and it is one of the most effective means by which the U.S. government can pressure officials in other countries to stop violating human rights.
However, H.R. 6968 lowers the bar from "gross violations of internationally recognized serious human rights" to simply "serious human rights abuse." And although the Global Magnitsky Act targeted individuals who were "responsible" for these actions, H.R. 6968 targets anyone "directly or indirectly engaged in" serious human rights abuse. On the surface, these might sound like small changes, but the effects can be far-reaching.
Representative Chris Smith (R-N.J.), one of Congress's most stalwart human rights advocates, explained the issue on the House floor yesterday:
I'm for this bill, but there are provisions in this, one in particular, that should not be in here. Mr. Speaker, I'm the prime sponsor of the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act.... Under the Act, an actionable offense occurs only when there's a gross violation of internationally-recognized human rights, which has the meaning given to it in the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. Specifically, the Foreign Assistance Act includes torture, cruel and inhumane or degrading treatment or punishment, prolonged detention without charges and trial, causing the disappearance of persons by the abduction and clandestine detention of those persons, and other flagrant denials of the right to life, liberty, or the security of a person.
H.R. 6968, however, radically strikes and replaces the current definition of what constitutes an actionable offense with language that is not defined and is being done tonight without the benefit of a hearing or due diligence. Under the new language, the president may impose sanctions on any individual if responsible for or complicit in what they call "serious human rights abuse." Exactly what does that mean? There's no definition. How is that phrase defined? How elastic is it? Especially when it's not linked to any international treaty or covenant. What does "indirectly engaged" mean? How indirect? Guilt by association?
The Global Magnitsky Act got it right. It was bipartisan and it linked sanctions to internationally-recognized human rights. I hope the Senate will take a look at this. This is an egregious mistake.
We want the U.S. government to be as effective as possible when combating human rights abuses abroad. However, no one should be able to abuse mechanisms like the Global Magnitsky Act sanctions to target foreign individuals based on partisan politics or radical social agendas. As radical activists continue to redefine terms and use "human rights" to mean anything they want it to mean, it's easy to see how H.R. 6968 could be misused.
The new language in H.R. 6968 also eliminates the five-year sunset provision of the Global Magnitsky Act. Sunset provisions give Congress the opportunity every period of years as specified to review how the sanctioning authority is being utilized and make sure it hasn't been misused. If the Act no longer sunsets, this important oversight review would be eliminated.
Global Magnitsky Act sanctions have been used for good in the past, such as when the U.S. government sanctioned Turkish officials in the case of imprisoned American pastor Andrew Brunson. Just a few weeks later, Brunson was released. It's important to maintain the integrity of the Global Magnitsky Act and ensure it is not abused by partisan agendas in the executive branch. When the Senate considers H.R. 6968, they should remove this provision.